In classical Freudian psychoanalytic theory, the death drive ("Todestrieb") is the drive towards death, self-destruction and the return to the inorganic: 'the hypothesis of a death instinct, the task of which is to lead organic life back into the inanimate state'.
The death drive opposes Eros (libido, libidinal energy or love, the life instinct innate in all humans), the tendency toward survival, propagation, sex, and other creative, life-producing drives.
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_instinct
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